ANATOMY ARTICLES
BODYBUILDER’S ANATOMY
To build your muscles, you need to know your muscles. This anatomy chart can help you do just that. We also list exercises that are optimized to work each muscle group.
AB EXERCISES
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Crunches
Don’t relax your abs at the bottom of the movement — maintain continuous tension for maximum effect.
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Leg Raises
Don’t let your feet touch the ground and really squeeze your abs at the top.
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Side Crunches
Monitor your progress and make sure this exercise doesn’t make your waist too big.
BACK EXERCISES
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Deadlifts
Deadlifts are excellent for building your lats.
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Weighted Chin-ups
Ensure that your shoulders are warmed up prior to this exercise.
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Bentover Barbell Rows
Make sure your back keeps its natural arch, and don’t “snap” your neck up and down on this exercise like so many people do.
Muscles: Brachiallis, Biceps brachii — long and short head
BI EXERCISES
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Standing Barbell Curls
Grip the bar comfortably at shoulder width.
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Hammer Curls
Don’t let the weight hang — maintain continuous tension throughout the movement.
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Preacher Curls
If you’re using dumbbells on this exercise then you can supinate your wrist at the top for maximum contraction.
Muscles: Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Peroneus brevis, Flexor hallucis longus, Tibialis anterior, Peroneus longus, Extensor digitorum longus
CALF EXERCISES
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Standing Calf Raises
Keep good form by keeping your feet parallel.
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Seated Calf Raises
Never bounce the weight, as this will lead to strain and injury — instead, control it and emphasize the burn.
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Donkey Raises
This is a chance to kick it old-school — like Arnold and Franco. Just keep your head up and eyes forward to ensure proper form and load distribution.
Muscles: Deltoid — anterior, medial and posterior head
DELT EXERCISES
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Standing Military Press
Keep good form by tightening your back and abs.
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Barbell Upright Rows
Keeping a shoulder-width grip will activate your delts, while a closer grip will hit your traps more.
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Lateral Dumbbell Raises
Keep your elbows high at the top of this movement.
Muscles: Brachioradialis, Flexor carpi radialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Abductor pollicis longus, Palmaris longus, Pronator teres
FOREARM EXERCISES
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Reverse Barbell Curls
Excellent for building bodybuilder-worthy forearms that would make Popeye proud.
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Barbell Wrist Curls
Perform this exercise by placing your forearms on a bench, or stand with the bar behind you.
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Hammer Curls
Don’t let your wrists hang.
Muscles: Gluteus medius, Gluteus maximus
GLUTE EXERCISES
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Squats
Squeeze your glutes at the top of motion.
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Barbell Lunges
Use a weight that will force you to work hard, but don’t sacrifice good form.
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Cable Kickbacks
Don’t worry if people make fun of you — they work.
Muscles: Iliotibial band, Biceps femoris, Adductor magnus, Semitendinosus, Gracilis, Semimembranosus
HAMSTRING EXERCISES
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Squats
This is the best overall bodybuilding exercise.
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Leg Curls
Don’t rock the weight. You can alternate between a single or double leg curl machine. If you don’t have a machine, lie on a bench and use a dumbbell between your feet.
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Straight-Leg Deadlifts
Focus on bringing out the separation in your hams. There’s nothing more impressive than strong hamstring tie-ins.
Muscles: Erector spinae, Thoracolumbar fascia
LOWERBACK EXERCISES
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Hyperextensions
Slightly flex your lower back at the top of the movement — don’t hyperextend it, as this may cause injury.
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Good Mornings
Use light weight and emphasize precise control over the weight. Keep your head up and eyes looking forward.
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Straight-Leg Deadlifts
Let the weight hang naturally in front of your body, as though it’s a pendulum. Keep your head up and eyes looking forward.
Muscles: Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor
PEC EXERCISES
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Bench Press
Check your ego at the door — don’t bounce the bar off your chest.
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Incline Dumbbell Press
Use your thighs to “kick” the weight into starting position.
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Weighted Dips
Add weight only when you can do solid reps. Try your own body weight first and build from there.
Muscles: Sartorius, Pectineus, Adductor longus, Gracilis, Tensor fasciate latae, Vastus medialis, Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis
QUAD EXERCISES
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Squats
Keep your head up, eyes looking forward and drive the weight through the full range of effective motion.
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Leg Press
Maintain good form — anchor your glutes to the seat, and perform with a full range of motion.
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Barbell Lunges
Don’t let your knee extend over your stepping foot.
Muscles: Trapezius
TRAP EXERCISES
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Deadlifts
Start with the bar in the rack — this will give you a good feel for the weight that you’re going to move.
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Close-grip Upright Rows
Keep your elbows high and pull up the weight toward your neck.
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Shrugs
Develop your grip strength — don’t use straps.
Muscles: Triceps brachii — lateral, long and medial head
TRIS EXERCISES
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Reverse-Grip Bench Press
Firmly grip the bar so it doesn’t roll out of your hands.
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Cable Pressdowns
Squeeze your triceps at the top of the movement for maximum stimulation and growth.
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Skullcrushers
Maintain good form and control — just don’t crush your skull.